Abstract
The aim of the paper is to study phase transformations in solid tissues of the human teeth during the development of fissure caries by Raman and fluorescence microspectroscopy. The study of the areas with fissure caries confirmed the assumption of the formation of a weak interaction between phosphate apatite enamel and organic acids (products of microorganisms). The experimental results obtained with by Raman microspectroscopy showed the formation of dicalcium phosphate dihydrate - CaHPO4-2H2O in the area of mural demineralization of carious fissure. A comparative analysis of structural and spectroscopic data for the intact and carious enamel shows that emergence of a more soluble phase - carbonate-substituted hydroxyapatite - is typical for the initial stage of caries. It is shown that microareas of dental hard tissues in the carious fissure due to an emerging misorientation of apatite crystals have a higher fluorescence yield than the area of the intact enamel. These areas can be easily detected even prior to a deep demineralization (white spot stage) for the case of irreversibly changed organomineral complex and intensive removal of the mineral component.
Highlights
IntroductionAmong the objectives of the establishment of modern dentistry, the mechanisms of formation of dental caries is one of the main research trends, in other words, preventing the development of disease in the early stages of its emergence—is a highly topical issue
Among the objectives of the establishment of modern dentistry, the mechanisms of formation of dental caries is one of the main research trends, in other words, preventing the development of disease in the early stages of its emergence—is a highly topical issue.It is well known that the first sign of the caries process is a spot, with a size and color being substantially altered over time due to the transformations in the structure and chemical composition of enamel
Using the technique of fluorescence excitation of dental hard tissues, we investigated the areas of teeth with enamel carious fissure
Summary
Among the objectives of the establishment of modern dentistry, the mechanisms of formation of dental caries is one of the main research trends, in other words, preventing the development of disease in the early stages of its emergence—is a highly topical issue. It is well known that the first sign of the caries process is a spot, with a size and color (of which) being substantially altered over time due to the transformations in the structure and chemical composition of enamel. Intense ion substitutions are known to occur in the apatite crystals comprising tooth enamel at the level of elementary cells. Proceeding of the ion substitutions leads to changes in the phase composition of enamel apatite mineral complex and, PLOS ONE | DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0124008. Phase Transformations in a Human Tooth Tissue to the violation of dynamic equilibrium in the mechanism of mineral metabolism. As a result it becomes a prerequisite to the formation of dental caries [1]
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