Phase synchronization under mixed synapse between two heterogeneous functional neurons

Abstract

Nervous system contacts and regulates the various systems and organs of the body by encoding and transmitting information, so it becomes important to explore the synaptic connections between neurons. In this study, two functional neurons are obtained by embedding Josephson junction and memristor in the FHN neuron circuit, and then based on Helmholtz’s theorem their Hamilton energies are calculated and investigated when coupled channel is awakened. There are weak but stable and orderly electromagnetic fields around human tissues and organs due to the transmembrane flow of ions, and their equilibrium state is easily disturbed and destroyed by the external electromagnetic fields, which should be considered when neuron model are investigated. Thus, an induction coil and a charge-controlled memristor (CCM) are used to perceive magnetic and electric fields respectively to couple the two function neurons, then mixed synapse is activated and synaptic plasticity is detect by parameter modulation and energy exchange. It is found that energy is continuously pumped along the coupling channel even if the synaptic connection is increased further, and two different functional neurons can only achieve quasi-phase synchronization or phase lock. However, the coupling strength threshold for achieving quasi-phase synchronization is lowered under hybrid synapses, and the possible mechanism may be that the addition of induction coil and CCM can induce time-varying electric and magnetic fields, which in turn facilitate the energy exchange in the coupled system. This study not only helps us to reveal the synchronization phenomenon of certain neurons observed in experiments, but also to explain the occurrence of pathological synchronization in the nervous system.