Abstract
Development of manganese-stabilized stainless steels has been prompted by two objectives: (1) replacement of nickel, normally used to stabilize austenitic stainless steels, since it is an expensive, strategic material, and (2) reduction of long-term induced radioactivity of neutron-irradiated stainless steels by replacing nickel, molybdenum, and nitrogen. Klueh et al. have shown that in Fe-Cr-Mn alloys a single-phase austenite exists near Fe-12Cr-20Mn-0.25C (wt %) at high temperatures. Development of more complex alloys based on this composition with other minor alloying additions is underway. The aim is to develop alloys with improved mechanical properties, while minimizing the formation of embrittling second phases such as sigma or Laves. The stability of these alloys during thermal aging and the influence of the other alloying additions was studied in the current work for both solution-annealed and cold-worked conditions.Seven alloys based on Fe-12Cr-20Mn-0.25C were made with additions of W, Ti, V, P, and B, either singly or in combination. The alloys were hot-worked and subsequently cold-worked to sheet with intermediate anneals at 1150°C. Materials were aged at 600°C for 5000 h in both 20% cold-worked and annealed (1 h, 1050°C) conditions.
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