Abstract
We study the enhancement and suppression of different multi-waving mixing (MWM) processes in a Rydberg-EIT rubidium vapor system both theoretically and experimentally. The nonlinear dispersion property of hot rubidium atoms is modulated by the Rydberg-Rydberg interaction, which can result in a nonlinear phase shift of the relative phase between dark and bright states. Such Rydberg-induced nonlinear phase shift can be quantitatively estimated by the lineshape asymmetry in the enhancedand suppressed MWM processes, which can also demonstrate the cooperative atom-light interaction caused by Rydberg blockaded regime. Current study on phase shift is applicable to phase-sensitive detection and the study of strong Rydberg-Rydberg interaction.
Highlights
The phase modulation as well as the refractive index modification in a Rydberg medium, caused by electric fields produced either externally or internally owing to the interparticle interactions, is of central importance in nonlinear optics, laser technology, quantum optics and optical communications[1]
Comparing with the other nonlinear optical processes, the multi-waving mixing (MWM) processes in Rydberg-electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) medium have unique features[5,6,7,8], and one typical feature is that the coherence time of the generated signal is shorter than the time of ionization[9], while it is known that the incoherence plasma formation in Rydberg gases is ~100 ns or longer[10,11]
The enhanced and suppressed MWM signals are significantly modified via the relative phase control[18] due to the nonlinear dispersion property modification induced by corresponding dressing effects and the cooperative nonlinear effect[19,20] from the Rydberg blockade regime
Summary
The phase modulation as well as the refractive index modification in a Rydberg medium, caused by electric fields produced either externally or internally owing to the interparticle interactions, is of central importance in nonlinear optics, laser technology, quantum optics and optical communications[1]. Because the high-lying Rydberg electron is very far from the core of the atom, the atom possesses exaggerated properties, such as huge polarizability that scales as n7, where n is the principle quantum number These properties lead to strong and tunable Rydberg-Rydberg interactions[2,3,4] among the atoms, which can render the Rydberg medium intrinsically nonlinear. Rydberg electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) makes the transmission through the medium highly sensitive to electric fields[1], which can enable modifications on the refractive index and nonlinear phase shift due to the interparticle interactions in the nonlinear processes associated with EIT. The enhanced and suppressed MWM signals are significantly modified via the relative phase control[18] due to the nonlinear dispersion property modification induced by corresponding dressing effects and the cooperative nonlinear effect[19,20] from the Rydberg blockade regime. The nonlinear phase shift of the relative phase between dark and bright states gives a novel way for studying the Rydberg-Rydberg interactions and phase-sensitive detection
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