Abstract
Vanadium dioxide (VO2) has great potential as an intelligent architectural glazing system as it can control the amount of light, heat, and solar energy relative to the temperature in the environment. However, the applicability of VO2 for commercial use is yet to be realized because its phase transition temperature (τc) of ∼68°C is too high for use in buildings. A proven strategy to lower its τc is by elemental doping. Hence, in this study, hydrothermal synthesis of nanostructured VO2 was carried out with the introduction of tungsten (W) as a dopant. Furthermore, the effects of W doping on the structural, thermochromic, and thermophysical properties of VO2 were examined. Using X‐ray diffraction (XRD), it was found that the addition of W atoms affected the VO2 lattice since the crystal structure of VO2 was changed from monoclinic to tetragonal rutile. Subsequently, this influenced the thermochromic behavior of the prepared VO2. Based on the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), doping with tungsten resulted in a significant decrease in τc from 66.47°C to as low as 31.64°C. Moreover, W doping affected the thermophysical properties of the samples. Accordingly, an abrupt increase in the thermal conductivities of the doped samples was observed across the transition temperature.
Highlights
Energy-saving methods are important in curbing the problem of global climate change
One way to conserve energy is by enhancing energy efficiency, i.e., minimizing avoidable energy losses while maximizing its output [1]
Phase and Structural Analysis. e X-ray diffraction (XRD) scans of the hydrothermally prepared undoped and W-doped VO2 powders after annealing are illustrated in Figure 1. e appearance of a non-VO2 compound was observed from sample VMW1%, as shown in the presence of V6O13. ese crests gradually diminish as the concentration of the dopant was increased
Summary
Energy-saving methods are important in curbing the problem of global climate change. One way to conserve energy is by enhancing energy efficiency, i.e., minimizing avoidable energy losses while maximizing its output [1]. One of the areas where efficiency can be greatly improved is in built environments or buildings as they use up a significant amount of energy. Buildings consume about 30–40% of the world’s primary energy, mainly for heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC), lighting, and appliance usage [2]. The majority of this energy is wasted due to the inefficiencies of windows. Since windows allow heat to go in or out of a building, more energy is required to use cooling or heating systems to balance the increase or decrease in temperature [3]
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