Abstract
Introduction. Fejer [1955], Rumi [1961], and Barrington and Thrane [1962] successfully used the principle of the Luxembourg effect to determine the electron density and collision frequency of the D region. As explained by the theory of Ratcliffe and Shaw [1948], a so-called ‘disturbing’ transmitter can impart energy to the electrons of the ionosphere in the height range of interest, increasing their thermal energy and, consequently, the collision frequency. Another radio signal from a ‘wanted’ transmitter, in passing through this region, will be slightly more attenuated than it would be if the disturbing transmitter were nonoperative.
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