Phase Equilibrium for Ionic Semiclathrate Hydrates Formed in the System of Water + Tetra-n-butylammonium Bromide Pressurized with Carbon Dioxide

Abstract

This paper reports the vapor–liquid–hydrate three phase equilibrium conditions of ionic semiclathrate hydrates formed in the system of water + tetra-n-butylammonium bromide pressurized with carbon dioxide. The three phase equilibrium temperatures were measured in the ranges from 278.8 to 287.4 K of temperature and from 0.05 to 0.45 of mass fraction of tetra-n-butylammonium bromide (wTBAB). Measurements were performed at the system pressures of 0.3 MPa, 0.6 MPa, and 1 MPa. For the three system pressures, the equilibrium temperatures increased with the increase in wTBAB for wTBAB 0.40. The highest equilibrium temperatures were obtained at wTBAB = 0.35 and 0.40. The equilibrium temperatures of the tetra-n-butylammonium bromide + carbon dioxide hydrates were higher than those of the simple tetra-n-butylammonium bromide hydrates formed under atmospheric pressure. The improvement of the thermodynamic stability of the tetra-n-butylammonium bromide + carbon dioxide hydrates is asc...