Abstract
The solubility and interdiffusion of polystyrene (PS) with polymethyl acrylate (PMA), polyethyl acrylate (PEA), polybutyl acrylate (PBA), and polyethylhexyl acrylate (PEHA) have been studied by the optical interferometry method. Phase state diagrams are plotted. It is shown that they are characterized by the upper critical solution temperatures (UCST), which are localized in the temperature range above 450 K. Pair interaction parameters and their temperature dependences are determined and analyzed. Extrapolation of the temperature dependence of the interaction parameter was used to construct the dome of binodal curves and determine the spinodal curves in the framework of the Flory–Huggins theory. The diffusion coefficients of polystyrene into polyacrylates and polyacrylates into polystyrene are calculated. The dependences of the interdiffusion coefficients on the concentration, temperature, polystyrene molecular weight, and the number of carbons in the side chain of polyacrylate are analyzed. The numerical values of the interdiffusion coefficients of PS-1 into polyacrylates at 433 K change as −8.5 → −6.7 → −6.4 in the homologous series PMA → PEA → PBA. The coefficients of friction are calculated and the effect of change in the matrix structure on the diffusion of polystyrene in them is estimated.
Highlights
IntroductionAmong the numerous binary mixtures of polymers, the Polystyrene (PS)–Polyacrylates (PA) systems have been the subject of constant research for more than 30 years from the standpoint of the thermodynamics of components mixing, technological compatibility, peculiarities of their colloidal-chemical and adhesive properties, phase structure, and the structure of transition interphase layers [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18]
In this PS–polybutyl acrylate (PBA) system, in the interdiffusion zone, the formation of a continuous concentration distribution profile is observed going from PS to PBA
We have shown that the solubility upon mixing PS with polyacrylates improves with an increase in the length of the side fragment of the polyacrylate functional group, but worsens with an increase in MPS
Summary
Among the numerous binary mixtures of polymers, the Polystyrene (PS)–Polyacrylates (PA) systems have been the subject of constant research for more than 30 years from the standpoint of the thermodynamics of components mixing, technological compatibility, peculiarities of their colloidal-chemical and adhesive properties, phase structure, and the structure of transition interphase layers [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18]. Until recently, PS–PMA, PS–PEA, PS–PBA, PS–polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), and PS–polybutyl methacrylate (PBMA) mixtures were considered “completely incompatible” [13,14]. This conclusion was made on the basis of determining the solubility of melts and solutions of polymer blends with a molecular weight (MW) of more than 105. For the first time at that time, the authors discovered a noticeable increase in the mutual solubility of polymers in the region of low molecular weights characteristic of oligomers
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