Abstract
P–x data for the vapor–liquid equilibrium (VLE) of four binary systems water + levulinic acid, water + ethyl levulinate, ethanol + levulinic acid, and ethanol + ethyl levulinate were collected at 60 °C. Liquid–liquid equilibrium (LLE) data for ethyl levulinate + water + levulinic acid and ethyl levulinate + water + ethanol were measured at 30 °C. The consistency of the LLE data was confirmed using the Othmer–Tobias method. Data were regressed using ASPEN PLUS software to generate binary interaction parameters for the NRTL-HOC property method. The resulting parameters were able to successfully reproduce experimental VLE data, and were semiquantitative for reproducing experimental LLE data.
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