Abstract
Electron transport through a quantum wire in the presence of external periodic energy-level modulations with different on-site phases is studied within the time evolution operator method for a tight-binding Hamiltonian. It is found that in the presence of spatial symmetry of the system and no source–drain and static gate voltages the pumping current can be generated. Moreover, for a wire which is tunnel-coupled to the underlying substrate, the current flowing through an unbiased wire does not fade away but increases with the wire–surface coupling. For randomly chosen phases at every wire site two regimes of the phase-averaged current are found which are related to small and high wire density of states.
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