Abstract
Additive manufacturing (AM) is among the novel industrial technologies for fast prototyping of complex parts made from different constructional and functional materials. This review is focused on phase composition of additively manufactured chromium-nickel austenitic stainless steels. Being produced by conventional methods, they typically have single-phase austenitic structure, but phase composition of the steels could vary in AM. Comprehensive analysis of recent studies shows that, depending on AM technique, chemical composition, and AM process parameters, additively manufactured austenitic stainless steels could be characterized by both single-phase austenitic and multiphase structures (austenite, ferrite, σ-phase, and segregations of alloying elements). Presence of ferrite and other phases in AM steels strongly influences their properties, in particular, could increase strength characteristics and decrease ductility and corrosion resistance of the steels. Data in review give a state-of-art in mutual connection of AM method, chemical composition of raw material, and resultant phase composition of AM-fabricated Cr-Ni steels of 300-series. The possible directions for future investigations are discussed as well.
Highlights
Additive manufacturing (AM) or 3D printing is a novel and fast developing technique of rapid layer-by-layer manufacture of prototypes or parts according to computer-aided design (CAD) model
A powder feed laser melting or laser melting deposition [13,16,17,18,19,20,21], wire feed laser melting deposition [22], wire and arc additive manufacturing (gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW), gas metal arc welding (GMAW), cold metal transfer (CMT), and plasma arc welding (PAW)) [23,24,25,26,27,28], wire feed electron-beam melting [7,8,29,30] should be mentioned among the widespread directed energy deposition (DED) AM techniques, which are effectively used for fabrication of austenitic stainless steels of the 300-series
A comprehensive analysis on the influence of AM techniques and process parameters on the microstructure and mechanical properties of additively manufactured austenitic stainless steels of 300-series was done with the focus on phase composition of the AMproducts
Summary
Additive manufacturing (AM) or 3D printing is a novel and fast developing technique of rapid layer-by-layer manufacture of prototypes or parts according to computer-aided design (CAD) model. Development of AM has begun with technologies of 3D printing of polymer materials [1] Progress in this field has given a motivation for the fabrication of complex metal parts using AM methods for the purposes of different industries, such as aerospace, automotive, medical implants production, etc. The anisotropic multiphase structure forms in CrNi austenitic stainless due to the complex thermal history and nonequilibrium crystallization conditions during the AM process This affects exploitation characteristics of AM parts. This review is focused on the phase composition of additively manufactured chromiumnickel austenitic stainless steels produced by different AM techniques, the correlation of the microstructure and mechanical properties of the AM-fabricated steels, and on analysis of problems and ways for future investigations in this research field
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
