Abstract
Ecologically friendly construction is impossible without the use of materials that are characterized by a low emission of dangerous substances from the surface and have other appropriate properties. A solution of the problem related to the elaboration of special measures taken to reduce the emission of ammonia from construction materials and the structures manufactured using the Portland cement has been offered. An optimized composite dope was developed and optimized for the Portland cement composition that contains the nitric acid calcium, which is one of the ingredients that can considerably reduce the concentration of nitrogencontaining compounds, making thus the construction materials less dangerous to the human health. Strength characteristics of the cement stone with the composite dope were studied and it was established that a level of the intensification of a gain in the strength is rather significant and by the seventh day the hardening exceeds the values peculiar for the dope-free compositions at an age of 28 days by more than 45 %.
Highlights
Technological progress in the field of construction material science requires an increase in the efficient action of the dopes of a different type
In the past some chemical products were widely used as the dopes for construction materials and at the present time the dopes specially prepared for cement solutions and concretes are more preferable
The research done enabled the theoretical substantiation of the possibility of formation of iron nitrides during the formation of Portland cement clinker that can be a source of ammonia emission from construction materials and the structures
Summary
Technological progress in the field of construction material science requires an increase in the efficient action of the dopes of a different type. In the past some chemical products were widely used as the dopes for construction materials and at the present time the dopes specially prepared for cement solutions and concretes are more preferable. Many dopes that improve certain characteristics of the concrete mixture or the concrete sometimes fail to improve other characteristics and even worsen them. To overcome these side effects we use composite dopes that consist of several independent components. The most important aspect is the problem of ammonia emission from concrete structures in the living quarters of residential and public buildings. The emission of ammonia by the concrete is a widely spread phenomenon peculiar for newly built houses and it has a dreadful effect on human beings and the environment
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