Abstract
Phase-change radiation is studied in water clouds undergoing liquid–vapor phase transitions. Radiant energy transmission in the midinfrared () spectrum is measured in vapor–liquid mixtures of water at 1 atm and 60°C. Monte Carlo analysis of radiative heat transfer is performed to assess the contribution of infrared absorption associated with evaporative phase transition, for which a theoretical description is developed. The probability of absorptive, phase-change radiative relaxation is found to be on the order of per collision between a water vapor molecule and a liquid water droplet, which leads to a surface absorption efficiency of order 0.02 to 0.06 in the spectrum. Thereby, absorption of midinfrared radiation is slightly enhanced by evaporative absorption in water clouds.
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