Abstract
There exists a maximum amount of hydrocarbon that can be incorporated into concentrated emulsions (gel-like emulsions which have a volume fraction of dispersed phase greater than 0.74). The ratio between this maximum amount and the amount of continuous phase depends upon the nature of emulsifier and hydrocarbon molecules and upon the concentration of emulsifier in the continuous phase. Experimental results are presented in some detail for SDS and Triton X-100 and in less detail for a large number of surfactants. Experiments regarding the effect of salt concentration on the behavior of concentrated emulsions have also been carried out; they provide some indications about the nature of the repulsive forces which are responsible for their (kinetic) stability.
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