Phase and Composition Tuning of 1D Platinum‐Nickel Nanostructures for Highly Efficient Electrocatalysis

Abstract

Among various platinum (Pt)‐based nanostructures, porous or hollow ones are of great importance because they exhibit fantastic oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) enhancements and maximize atomic utilization by exposing both exterior and interior surfaces. Here, a new class of porous Pt3Ni nanowires (NWs) with 1D architecture, an ultrathin Pt‐rich shell, high index facets, and a highly open structure is designed via a selective etching strategy by using the phase and composition segregated Pt‐Ni NWs as the starting material. The porous feature of Pt3Ni NWs can be readily fulfilled by changing the Pt/Ni atomic ratio of the starting Pt‐Ni NWs. Such porous Pt3Ni NWs show extraordinary activity and stability enhancements toward methanol oxidation reaction and ORR. The porous Pt3Ni NWs can deliver ORR mass activity of 5.60 A mg−1, which is 37.3‐fold higher than that of the Pt/C. They also show outstanding stability with negligible activity loss after 20 000 cycles. This study offers a unique approach for the design of complex nanostructures as efficient catalysts through precisely tailoring.