Pharmacy-Led Medication Reconciliation Program Reduces Adverse Drug Events and Improves Satisfaction in a Community Hospital.

Abstract

Pharmacy-led medication reconciliation identifies and corrects medication errors that can potentially cause moderate to severe harm. This research sought to identify the impact of pharmacy-led medication reconciliation on patient outcomes and describe the changes in healthcare workers' perceptions of the program. A pharmacy-led admission medication reconciliation program pilot started in July 2019, and a discharge medication reconciliation proof of concept was tested in September 2020 at a 432-bed hospital. The following periods were compared: August 2018 to February 2019 (pre-program implementation) and August 2019 to February 2020 (post-program implementation). Endpoints included patient outcomes, workforce productivity and interdisciplinary healthcare team satisfaction through program surveys. Patient outcomes were assessed with chisquared tests. Survey responses were assessed using the Likert scale. Descriptive statistics were used for productivity outcomes and the number of discharge medication reconciliations completed. Approximately 18,000 admissions were recorded for each period. The adverse drug event (ADE) rate decreased 49% (p < 0.001), and the complication rate decreased 29.7% (p = 0.001). During post-pilot implementation, 6,530 medication histories were completed, and 70,050 medications were reviewed. Of medication histories completed, 22.6% of patient allergies/adverse drug reactions were updated, 52.3% of medications were clarified, and 54.7% of preferred outpatient pharmacies were updated. Pharmacy services completed medication histories in 38.8% of inpatients. In the proof of concept, 168 discharge medication lists were drafted. Survey results showed statistically significant improvement in healthcare team satisfaction. A pharmacy-led medication reconciliation program involving designated pharmacists and pharmacy technicians has shown to decrease ADEs and complications while improving interdisciplinary healthcare team satisfaction.