Abstract
Lifestyle-related diseases, such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension and dyslipidemias, are often accompanied by osteoporosis. Treatment of osteoporosis in such cases is essentially the same as that for primary osteoporosis, but it is important to be aware of the interference between osteoporosis treatment and the drugs used for the lifestyle-related diseases. Raloxifene, bisphosphonates and activated vitamin D are commonly used for treatment of osteoporosis, and they are reported to have a positive effect on atherosclerosis. Beta-blocker use, particularly selective beta-blocker, is associated with reduced fracture risk. Statin is also reported to stimulate bone formation via bone morphogenetic protein-2 expression, but their clinical utility has not yet been confirmed. One class of antidiabetic drugs, thiazolidinediones, causes bone loss and further increases fracture risk, placing thiazolidinediones in the category of drugs causing secondary osteoporosis.
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