Pharmacotherapy algorithm for post-traumatic stress disorder

Abstract

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a mental disorder that develops as a result of a powerful psycho-traumatic effect of a threatening or catastrophic nature, accompanied by extreme stress, the main clinical manifestations are repeated experiences of elements of a traumatic event in a “here and now” situation in the form of flashbacks, recurring dreams and nightmares, which accompanied more often by anxiety and panic, but possibly also by anger, anger, feelings of guilt or hopelessness, a desire to avoid internal and external stimuli that resemble or are associated with the stressor. PTSD tends to form personality disorders, and is also characterized by a high prevalence of comorbid pathology. Recently, data have been accumulated on changes in the brain neurotransmitter systems and neuroendocrine disorders in patients with PTSD, as well as on the presence of morpho-functional, neuroinflammatory, and other neurobiological features. Improvement of existing and development of new pharmacotherapy algorithms is an important component of care provided to patients with PTSD. Despite the leading role of psychotherapy in the treatment of this disorder, prevention of chronicity and relapses, in order to achieve a quick effect and form patients' adherence to treatment, within the framework of a personalized approach, the use of psychopharmacotherapy is recommended, the effectiveness of which should be evaluated during the entire course of therapy.