Pharmacological properties of Moringa oleifera Lamarck related to cardiovascular diseases: A review of the literature

Abstract

Diseases of the heart and blood vessels, known as cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), are one of the leading causes of death worldwide [11]. CVDs encompass a set of conditions that affect both the heart and blood vessels and include coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, peripheral arterial disease, rheumatic heart disease, congenital heart anomalies, deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. Moringa oleifera belongs to the Moringaceae family, popularly known as white lily, white acacia or quince okra, it has high levels of beta-carotene and polyphenols and is used to prevent diseases such as atherosclerosis, in addition to being used to strengthen the Cardiovascular system. This integrative literature review aimed to seek and present current evidence about the pharmacological potential of Moringa oleifera lamarck on cardiovascular diseases, explaining the main pharmacological findings. 5,284 articles were found where, through the inclusion criteria, only 10 fit within the study. The referenced studies were carried out with the aim of describing the therapeutic potential of Moringa oleifera lamarck (MO) on cardiovascular diseases. Due to its therapeutic potential, the interest of dietary supplementation with Moringa oleifera seeds for middle-aged or elderly people is suggested, aiming to limit aging-related endothelial dysfunction and prevent the development of cardiovascular diseases, being particularly relevant in countries that may have limited access to pharmacological treatments, as a non-drug means for healthy aging. According to studies, Moringa oleifera seed has a beneficial role against functional and structural cardiac remodeling induced by hypertension, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, beneficial action on endothelial function and other cardiac complications.