Pharmacological profile of once-weekly injectable semaglutide for chronic weight management

Abstract

ABSTRACT Introduction The recent approval in the USA (Food and Drug Administration), Canada (Health Canada), UK (Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency), and EU (European Medicines Agency) of once-weekly injectable semaglutide 2.4 mg, as an adjunct to a calorie-controlled diet and increased physical activity, for chronic weight management provides health-care practitioners with an additional option when prescribing weight-loss medication. Areas covered We describe the chemistry, mechanism of action, and pharmacological properties of semaglutide (a glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist [GLP-1 RA]) and discuss clinical data and considerations for using once-weekly subcutaneous semaglutide 2.4 mg as treatment for overweight and obesity among patients with and without type 2 diabetes (T2D). Expert opinion Once-weekly subcutaneous semaglutide 2.4 mg is the most efficacious medication approved for chronic weight management among patients with overweight and obesity, with and without T2D, and is the first drug to induce sustained double-digit reductions in percentage body weight over 1- to 2-year treatment periods. It demonstrates a similar safety and tolerability profile to other GLP-1 RAs. Semaglutide 2.4 mg treatment could dramatically improve clinical approaches to weight management, but the relatively high cost might prevent patients accessing treatment. Further research exploring the cost-effectiveness of subcutaneous semaglutide 2.4 mg is required.