Abstract
Bipolar disorder is a mental pathology that has been known since ancient times and has its origin in the concept of “mania,” a term that comes from the Greek “µανια,” meaning “madness” or “frenzy”. Bipolar II is a history of at least one hypomanic episode plus at least one episode of major depression. Drug treatment for bipolar disorder has three symptom targets such as manic symptoms, mixed episodes, or depression and is usually given in stages. Lithium salts showed great efficacy in the treatment of manic disorder and they did so in a short period of time within several days. Lithium is the drug of choice in treating recurrent bipolar affective disorder (i.e., manic-depressive illness). Lithium was also relatively effective in treating manic manifestations in early dementia.
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