Pharmacological Evaluation of the Anticancer Activity of Extracts and Fractions of Lannea barteri Oliv. (Anacardiaceae) on Adherent Human Cancer Cell Lines.

Florence N Mbaoji,Adaobi C Ezike,Steven Behnisch-Cornwell,Patrick J Bednarski,Chukwuemeka S Nworu

doi:10.3390/molecules25040849

Florence N Mbaoji, Adaobi C Ezike + Show 3 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25040849

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Abstract

In western Africa ethnomedicine, Lannea barteri Oliv. (Anacardiaceae) is believed to have activity against gastrointestinal, neurological and endocrine diseases. Previous studies on this plant have revealed antimicrobial, anticholinestrase, anticonvulsant, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. However, the anticancer potential of L. barteri has not been studied to date. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anticancer potential of hot and cold extracts and silica gel column chromatographic fractions of L. barteri leaf and stem bark. The extracts and fractions were tested for anticancer activity by using the crystal violet cell proliferation assay on four adherent human carcinoma cell lines—5637 (bladder), KYSE 70 (oesophagus), SiSo (cervical) and HepG2 (hepatic). The inhibitory concentration (IC50) of fractions IH, 1I, 2E and 2F were: 3.75 ± 1.33, 3.88 ± 2.15, 0.53 ± 0.41, and 0.42 ± 0.45 µg/mL against KYSE 70 and 1.04 ± 0.94, 2.69 ± 1.17, 2.38 ± 3.64, 2.17 ± 1.92 µg/mL against SiSo cell lines respectively. Fraction 2E showed weak apoptotic activity at double the IC50 and some sign of cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase. Thus, phytoconstituents of L. barteri leaf and stem bark can inhibit the proliferation of cancer cell lines indicating the presence of possible anticancer agents in this plant.

Highlights

Medicinal plants used in folk medicine are a rich source of compounds with anticancer activities.Studies of traditional medicine have resulted in pharmacological entities that have good efficacy and different mechanisms of action from the existing orthodox medicines
It is believed that phytoconstituents are good alternatives to conventional drugs used in the treatment of diseases because they are inexpensive and may have less adverse effects [1]
The results showed that fractions 1E and 2F produced a higher inhibitory effect on the proliferation of 5637 of cell lines than the other fractions tested (Table 6)

Summary

Introduction

Studies of traditional medicine have resulted in pharmacological entities that have good efficacy and different mechanisms of action from the existing orthodox medicines. It is believed that phytoconstituents are good alternatives to conventional drugs used in the treatment of diseases because they are inexpensive and may have less adverse effects [1]. Despite the growing concern about these plant products due to their lack of standardization, they are in high demand by traditional care givers for the treatment of various diseases including cancer. There are growing research interests geared towards natural products for finding new drug entities from among the myriad of plant species in African forests that are largely untapped.

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