Pharmacological Effects of Curcuma Longa and Its Bioactive Constitute Curcumin

Abstract

Curcuma longa (Turmeric) belongs to the family Zingeberaceae, commonly used as a spice, pigment and additive also are one of the most important ingredients in the Indian subcontinent. In recent years’ research revealed several important functions of it. Among those being investigated is Turmeric. The aim of this review is to summarize the chemistry, referend, formulations of curcminoids and their biological activities and provides an update mainly on the pharmacological activities of the Turmeric, its extracts and credible medicinal applications of Turmeric, along with their safety evaluation. Its most important active ingredient is curcuminoids. Which are phenolic compounds and volatile oils being also present in turmeric are known for their functional and nutraceutical properties. Various preclinical cell culture and animal studies suggest that curcuminoids have extensive biological activity as antioxidants, neuroprotective, antitumor, anti-inflammatory, anti-acidogenic, radioprotective, and arthritis. Different clinical trials also suggest a potential therapeutic role for curcuminoids in numerous chronic diseases like colon cancer, lung cancer, breast cancer, inflammatory bowel diseases. Nowadays, several drugs have been developed deriving from traditional products, and current drug research is actively investigating the possible therapeutic roles of many Ayurvedic and Traditional Indian medicinal therapies. Health benefits attributed to curcuminoids have resulted in their comprehensive utilization in food and pharmaceutical formulations.