Pharmacological disruption of the MTDH-SND1 complex enhances tumor antigen presentation and synergizes with anti-PD-1 therapy in metastatic breast cancer.

Abstract

Despite the increased overall survival rates, curative options for metastatic breast cancer remain limited. We have previously shown that Metadherin (MTDH) is frequently overexpressed in poor prognosis breast cancer, where it promotes metastasis and therapy resistance through its interaction with Staphylococcal nuclease domain-containing 1 (SND1). Through genetic and pharmacological targeting of the MTDH-SND1 interaction, we reveal a key role for this complex in suppressing anti-tumor T cell responses in breast cancer. The MTDH-SND1 complex reduces tumor antigen presentation and inhibits T cell infiltration and activation by binding to and destabilizing Tap1/2 mRNAs, which encode key components of the antigen presentation machinery. Following small molecule compound C26-A6 treatment to disrupt the MTDH-SND1 complex, we showed enhanced immune surveillance and sensitivity to anti-PD-1 therapy in preclinical models of metastatic breast cancer, in support of this combination therapy as a viable approach to increase immune checkpoint blockade therapy responses in metastatic breast cancer.