Pharmacological characterization and use myo-inositol in gynecological practice

Abstract

Inositol is a six atom cyclohexane alcohol, which has 9 isomers, one of which (myo-inositol) has a vitamin activity and has been classified as B vitamins (B8). The biological function of myo-inositol is an intracellular signaling. Signal molecules that are synthesized from or by using myo-inositol, participate in functioning of the reproductive, central nervous system, metabolism of carbohydrates. More than 120 inositol-dependent proteins are involved in various physiological processes, including the implementation of reproductive function. Through participation GNRHR and KISS1R genes in the synthesis of proteins that includes receptors of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone, myo-inositol participates in the production of luteinizing hormone and follicle stimulating hormone, steroidogenesis, including the synthesis of several key hormones of the female reproductive system such as estriol and estradiol. Inozitol-depending proteins play an important role in the regulation of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. They participate in transmits the signal from the insulin receptor to the cytoplasm of cells that is increase expression of glucose transporter and thus stimulates the metabolism of carbohydrates and fats. In the end, this is leads to a decrease of insulin resistance, prevents the development of overweight, obesity, diabetes. It is equally important that myo-inositol helps to reduce elevated levels of triglycerides and cholesterol, especially low density lipoprotein. In turn, disruption of lipid and cholesterol metabolism often caused by reduced production of key hormones (luteinizing hormone and follicle stimulating hormone) that regulate processes of folliculogenesis and oogenesis. Myo-inositol level in follicular fluid of mature fertilized oocytes significantly higher than that in the liquid of immature unfertilized oocytes, and its level correlates with the estriol level in follicular fluid. This is indicates that myo-inositol play role in the process of oocytes maturing. A number of studies confirming the efficiency of myo-inositol in the complex treatment of a frequent complication of this disease - polycystic ovary syndrome and infertility.