Abstract
Seaweed beach-casts are a seasonal phenomenon that regularly deposits tons of algae biomass on beaches, which are usually disposed of in landfills. The present work aimed to contribute to the valorization of this biomass by studying bioactivities that reveal its potential in the pharmaceutical and/or cosmeceutical industries. Methanol and ethanol extracts and fractions from 15 beach-casts biomass were tested for a range of bioactivities. Eight of the most active samples exhibit IC50 values between 11.38 µg/mL and 19.28 µg/mL and selectivity indexes higher than 3.8, against NCI-H1299 (lung cancer) and T47D (breast cancer). Concerning antiaging potential, all the extracts tested presented UV protection, with SPF values above 30, like the standard sunscreen. Regarding aging-related enzymes, 24 samples were tyrosinase inhibitors exhibiting IC50 values from 9.01 µg/mL to 200.09 µg/mL. Eight extracts inhibited collagenase (IC50 < 248.76 µg/mL), two of them more actively than positive control EDTA (IC50 = 59.26 µg/mL). In addition to UV protection, the cumulative effect of antityrosinase and anticollagenase activities shown by the samples suggest that they may play a significant role in preventing skin photoaging. The results obtained demonstrate the high potential of beach-cast seaweed biomass as sources of cosmetic bioproducts with antiaging effects, and of selective cytotoxic metabolites.
Highlights
Beach-cast seaweeds, consisting in the accumulation of large amounts of algae detached from the bottom of the sea or coast platforms, are documented on beaches of many coasts around the world [1,2].This is a natural and seasonal phenomenon which is mainly influenced by climate, wind conditions, eutrophication, and more importantly, the occurrence of considerable wave episodes; due to climate change, the number of beach-casts has been increasing dramatically over recent years [3,4].Appl
Extracts of the tropical seaweed Pylaiella littoralis exhibited, in a dose-dependent manner, a clear for samples 1.E and 13.E.1 at the same concentration; the IC50 value of 28 μg/mL reported by those antiproliferative activity against HT29 cells, with 55% inhibition when tested at 50 μg/mL, a result authors is between the results reported for samples 1.M.1 and 1.E.2. [41]
It should be noted that of the 38 selectivity indexes (SI) values calculated, 65.8% were higher than 2, which indicated samples with a highly selective cytotoxic action, being much more active against the tumor cell lines than against the nontumor cell line employed. These results demonstrated that macroalgae can be attractive sources of potential anticancer compounds, with many references supporting this claim [49], such as the 22-membered cyclic. These results demonstrated that macroalgae can be attractive sources of potential anticancer compounds, with many references supporting this claim [49], such as the 22-membered cyclic lactone lobophorolide, isolated from Lobophora variegata, one of the main components of the beach-cast samples with highest activity, which was extremely active at low concentration against human the HCT-116 colon cell line (IC50 = 0.03 μg/mL) [50]
Summary
Beach-cast seaweeds, consisting in the accumulation of large amounts of algae detached from the bottom of the sea or coast platforms, are documented on beaches of many coasts around the world [1,2].This is a natural and seasonal phenomenon which is mainly influenced by climate, wind conditions, eutrophication, and more importantly, the occurrence of considerable wave episodes; due to climate change, the number of beach-casts has been increasing dramatically over recent years [3,4].Appl. Beach-cast seaweeds, consisting in the accumulation of large amounts of algae detached from the bottom of the sea or coast platforms, are documented on beaches of many coasts around the world [1,2] This is a natural and seasonal phenomenon which is mainly influenced by climate, wind conditions, eutrophication, and more importantly, the occurrence of considerable wave episodes; due to climate change, the number of beach-casts has been increasing dramatically over recent years [3,4]. To understand the magnitude of this phenomenon, the amount of seaweed beach-casts varies from 400 to 1200 tons per year in Las Canteras beach in Grand Canaria, occurring with more incidence from November to March [8] These beach casts are always variable mixtures of different species of seagrass and seaweed, and in the case of Gran
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