Abstract
Garcinia indica (commonly known as kokum), belonging to the Clusiaceae family (mangosteen family), is a tropical evergreen tree distributed in certain regions of India. It has been used in culinary and industrial applications for a variety of purposes, including acidulant in curries, pickles, health drinks, wine, and butter. In particular, G. indica has been used in traditional medicine to treat inflammation, dermatitis, and diarrhea, and to promote digestion. According to several studies, various phytochemicals such as garcinol, hydroxycitric acid (HCA), cyanidin-3-sambubioside, and cyanidin-3-glucoside were isolated from G. indica, and their pharmacological activities were published. This review highlights recent updates on the various pharmacological activities of G. indica. These studies reported that G. indica has antioxidant, anti-obesity, anti-arthritic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, antidepressant and anxiolytic effects both in vitro and in vivo. These findings, together with previously published reports of pharmacological activity of various components isolated from G. indica, suggest its potential as a promising therapeutic agent to prevent various diseases.
Highlights
The use of medicinal herbs as medicine is the oldest form of medical treatment known to humanity and has been used in all cultures throughout history [1]
A significant increase in PPARα protein levels was observed in the G. indica fruit extract (GIE) supplemented group compared with the high-fat diet (HFD) group. These results suggest that GIE exerts anti-obesity effects in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and animal models by inhibiting adipogenesis and increasing β-oxidation
This study indicated that garcinol-enriched fraction (GEF) has anti-arthritic activity in an animal model of arthritis induced with CFA
Summary
The use of medicinal herbs as medicine is the oldest form of medical treatment known to humanity and has been used in all cultures throughout history [1]. Humans have recognized their dependence on nature for healthy living, and have relied on a variety of plant resources for medicine to cure numerous diseases [2] This indigenous knowledge, passed down from generation to generation in different parts of the world, has contributed significantly to the development of traditional medical systems [3], as well as provided a scientific basis for their traditional uses by exploring various biologically active natural products [4]. It was reported that they contain a wide range of biologically active metabolites and that the chemical compositions of their extracts are rich in bioactive molecules including hydroxycitric acid wide range of biologically active metabolites and that the chemical compositions of their (HCA), bioflavonoids, procyanidines and polyisoprenylated benzophenone derivatives extracts are rich in bioactive molecules including hydroxycitric acid (HCA), bioflavonoids, including garcinol, xanthochymol and guttiferone isoforms [9,13].
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
