Pharmacokinetics of pipemidic acid in chickens after single intravenous and oral dosings

Abstract

SUMMARY The pharmacokinetics of pipemidic acid after 2 single doses were studied in broiler chickens. Chickens were given single iv and oral doses of 10 and 30 mg of pipemidic acid/ kg of body weight. Blood samples were collected over 8 hours after each dose administration. High-pressure liquid chromatography with uv detection was used to determine concentrations in plasma of pipemidic acid. The plasma concentration-time curves after iv administration followed 2-compartment characteristics, rapid initial distribution phase, and a terminal elimination phase. The pharmacokinetic variables differed significantly between single doses of 10 and 30 mg of pipemidic acid/kg. Mean disposition variables were a half-life at α phase of 0.06 hours or 0.33 hours, a half-life at β phase of 1.18 hours or 1.72 hours, a volume of distribution in the central compartment of 0.12 L/kg or 0.31 L/kg, a volume of distribution during the elimination β phase of 1.64 L/kg or 1.05 L/kg, and a total plasma clearance of 0.97 L/h·kg or 0.41 L/h-kg, for the 10 or 30 mg/kg dose, respectively. After oral administration, the pipemidic acid plasma profile could be adequately described by a 1-compartment model. After the single oral doses of 10 and 30 mg of pipemidic acid/kg, pipemidic acid was absorbed rapidly (time to maximal concentration of 0.31 hours or 0.71 hours) and eliminated with a mean half-life of 0.86 hours or 0.61 hours, respectively. The bioavailability was 39% at 10 mg of pipemidic acid/kg and 61% at 30 mg of pipemidic acid/kg.