Pharmacokinetics of intravenously administered moxifloxacin in eye compartments: an experimental study

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of intravenously administered moxifloxacin, a fourth-generation fluoroquinolone, in different parts of the non-inflamed eye. Moxifloxacin was administered intravenously at a dose of 20 mg/kg moxifloxacin over 30 min. Sampling of peripheral blood, aqueous humour and vitreous was performed at standard time intervals post infusion once in each animal. Moxifloxacin levels were estimated by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. Mean serum concentrations were 3.43, 2.74, 1.48 and 1.12 μg/mL at 0.5, 3, 6 and 24 h after the end of drug infusion, respectively. Respective concentrations in aqueous humour were 2.44, 2.03, 1.30 and 1.09 μg/mL and in vitreous body they were 1.68, 1.87, 1.78 and 1.15 μg/mL. It is concluded that systemic administration of moxifloxacin in rabbits was accompanied by efficient penetration into both the aqueous humour and the vitreous body at concentrations well above the minimum inhibitory concentration for most causative pathogens of endophthalmitis. Further research is mandatory to clarify the clinical significance of these findings.