Pharmacokinetics of Enrofloxacin and its Metabolite Ciprofloxacin in Badri Cows

Abstract

Background: Breeds of animals differ with respect to anatomical, physiological and behavioural traits hence the study of inter-breed variation in pharmacokinetics becomes necessary. The aim of the current investigation was to determine the pharmacokinetics of enrofloxacin following intravenous bolus administration to assess the influence of breed on drug pharmacokinetics and availability. Methods: In the present study the pharmacokinetics of a common antimicrobial drug, enrofloxacin and its metabolite, ciprofloxacin was studied in adult, non-pregnant and dry Badri cows, wherein a commercial preparation of enrofloxacin (10% v/v) was administered at a dose rate of 7.5 mg/kg intravenously as a single dose. The plasma samples were collected at regular intervals and subjected to analysis by HPLC after appropriate processing. The results obtained were analysed using a software tool, “PK Solver” to obtain the pharmacokinetic parameters. Result: From the study, it was revealed that the Badri cattle showed a distribution half-life of 0.11 h, a volume of distribution of 7.63 L.kg-1, an elimination half-life of 4.27 h and an MRT of 5.93 h for enrofloxacin. Whereas, a maximum plasma concentration level of 0.12 µg.ml-1 was observed for ciprofloxacin in the current study. According to the results obtained in the pharmacokinetic study, an individualized dosage regimen containing a priming dose of 5 mg/kg and a maintenance dose of 4.5 mg/kg with an interval of 24 hours was suggested for the enrofloxacin in Badri cattle. The results of our current study when compared with the previously available literature on other cattle breeds suggested that the Badri cattle differed with respect to pharmacokinetic properties and further studies will be required to determine the conclusive reason for the differences.