Abstract
Pharmacokinetic variability of antimicrobial agents can increase the risk for both therapeutic failure and toxicity. This variability is of clinical relevance when the magnitude is substantial and the therapeutic index for a particular agent, such as the aminoglycosides, is narrow. Age-related differences in drug disposition for children are accommodated empirically by adjusting adult doses to pediatric doses based on body size. However, this approach does not consider the maturational effects on hepatic function, renal function, and body composition in children. Clinical pharmacology information for commonly used antibiotics is provided as a basis for making informed decisions among agents with similar antimicrobial activity. The pharmacokinetic characteristics of absorption, distribution, and elimination are discussed for the various antimicrobial classes, including the β-lactams, aminoglycosides, and macrolide antibiotics.
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