Pharmacokinetics of ampicillin and pentobarbital in the course of subclinical fascioliasis in sheep

Abstract

Pharmacokinetics of two common veterinary drugs, ampicillin and pentobarbital, were determined in sheep before and four, eight, 12,17 and 21 weeks after infestation of animals by an oral administration of 150 metacercariae of Fasciola hepatica. The parasite infestation was ascertained by clinical observation of the animals. The pharmacokinetics of ampicillin were not significantly affected by the liver parasitism but the disposition of pentobarbital changed. A significant increase in elimination half-life (around 180 per cent), volume of distribution (130 per cent) and mean residence time (154 to 170 per cent) was observed in sheep infected by the parasite for four to 12 weeks. In these animals, duration of narcosis caused by pento-barbital was prolonged 1·8-fold. The results suggested that both reduced elimination of pentobarbital and impaired distribution of the drug would be responsible for the prolonged duration of narcosis in infected animals.