Pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of oxytetracycline in sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax, at two water temperatures

Abstract

A pharmacokinetic study of oxytetracycline (OTC) following an intravascular administration (40 mg/kg) was carried out in sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax (110 g), at 13.5 and 22 °C water temperature. Blood, muscle and liver samples were taken at 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64 and 128 h post-injection. The plasma data were conformed to a two-compartment model. The kinetic profile of the drug was found to be temperature dependent. The absorption half-life ( t 1/2 α ) of OTC was 0.98 and 0.192 h at 13.5 and 22 °C, respectively, whereas the elimination half-time ( t 1/2 β ) of the drug was 69 h at 13.5 °C and 9.65 h at 22 °C. The apparent volume of distribution of the drug at steady state [ V d(ss)] was 5.62 l/kg at 13.5 °C and 2.59 l/kg at 22 °C. The mean residence time (MRT) of OTC was found to be 37.7 h at 22 °C and 71 h at 13.5 °C. The total clearance of the drug (CL T) was calculated to be 73.5 and 68.7 ml/kg/h at 13.5 and 22 °C, respectively. Liver levels indicated higher OTC values than respective muscle levels at all time points and for both temperatures. The elimination of OTC from tissues tested was faster at the high temperature, whereas the drug was eliminated faster from liver compared to muscle when comparisons are made at the same temperature.