Pharmacokinetics and in-situ absorption studies of a new anti-allergic compound 73/602 in rats

Abstract

Compound 73/602 (AA) is a structural analogue of vasicinone, an alkaloid present in the leaves and roots of Adhatoda vasica (Acanthaceae). It possesses potent antiallergic activity in mice, rats and guinea pigs. The p K a of AA was determined to be 2.87±0.19 by UV spectrophotometry. The absorption kinetics of this compound were studied in-situ using a rat gut technique at pH 2.6 and 7.4. The rate of absorption at pH 2.6 (0.0288±0.004 min −1) was slightly less than at pH 7.4 (0.035±0.0008 min −1). This characteristic behavior was attributed to the low p K a of AA, a weekly basic compound, where nearly 35% of the compound remained in the unionized form at pH 2.6. Also, the return of compound into the mucosal lumen from the blood capillaries over a period of 2 h after administering a 2 mg dose in tail vein was less than 0.3%. Hence it was concluded that entero-enteric circulation of AA did not contribute significantly to the in-situ absorption rates. Pharmacokinetic parameters of AA were determined in male rats after administering a single 10 mg/kg intravenous dose (i.v.) and 50 mg/kg oral bolus dose. Following i.v. administration the initial decline in serum concentration was rapid with half-life of 20.2 min. After a single oral dose the concentration-time data of AA in rats was best described by a one-compartment model with equal first order absorption and apparent elimination rate constants. The half-life of the decline in serum concentration of AA following oral administration was 50.6 min, indicating absorption rate limiting disposition at the high dose given. Comparison of AUC of oral and i.v. data indicates that only about 60% of the oral dose reach the systemic circulation.