Abstract
The aim of the present study was to elucidate the pharmacokinetic profiles of amoxicillin trihydrate (AMX) in Siamese freshwater crocodiles (Crocodylus siamensis). Crocodiles were administered a single intramuscular injection of AMX, at a dose of either 5 or 10mg/kg body weight (b.w.). Blood samples were collected at preassigned times up to 120hr. The plasma concentrations of AMX were measured using a validated liquid chromatography tandem-mass spectrometry method. AMX plasma concentrations were quantifiable for up to 72hr (5mg/kg b.w.) and 96hr (10mg/kg b.w.). The elimination half-life (t1/2λ z ) of AMX following dosing at 5mg/kg b.w. (8.72±0.61hr) was almost identical to that following administration at 10mg/kg b.w (8.98±1.13hr). The maximum concentration and area under the curve from zero to the last values of AMX increased in a dose-dependent fashion. The average binding percentage of AMX to plasma protein was 21.24%. Based on the pharmacokinetic data, susceptibility break point, and the surrogate PK-PD index (T>MIC, 0.25 μg/ml), intramuscular administration of AMX at dose of 5mg/kg b.w. every 4days might be appropriate for the treatment of susceptible bacterial infections in freshwater crocodiles.
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