Abstract
Alternative therapies for postmenopausal conditions are needed because of the high risks that outweigh the benefits of using hormone replacement therapy. Equol is metabolized from daidzein and is well-known as a supplement for postmenopausal conditions. Lately, liquiritigenin is also known to have a good effect on postmenopausal conditions. The aim of this study was to note the effect of the combination of Eleutherina bulbosa 70% Ethanol Extract (EEB) containing daidzein and Vigna unguiculata (EVU) containing liquiritigenin to obtain a better effect for uterine morphology, vaginal histopathology, and hot flushes. The other aim was to analyze the pharmacokinetic interaction that can affect the level of equol from EVU. Thirty-six female Sprague-Dawley rats were used in this study, 32 rats were ovariectomized (OVX) and 4 rats were Sham. Rats were divided into 9 groups: Sham group (CMC), negative group (CMC), positive group (raloxifene), EVU (100 mg/200g BW), EEB (18 mg/200g BW), The four various doses of combination EEB and EVU (D1-D4) were, EVU dosage was 100 mg/200 g BW and EEB were 36 mg, 18 mg, 9 mg, 4.5 mg/200 g BW respectively. Equol in rat serum was analyzed using HPLC/UV-V is in an isocratic condition. Observation of hot flushes was carried out every week, uterus weight wet and vaginal epithelium at the end of the treatment. The D3 and D4 combination decreased the average tail skin temperature 1.86±0.31°C and 1.83± 0.20°C respectively and the rectal temperature 0.58±0.49°C and 0.71±0.28°C (P<0.05). All groups except Sham did not increase the weight of the uterus. The D3 group increased vaginal epithelial thickness to 38.24 ± 6.47 μm (P<0.05). The combination did not significantly change equol pharmacokinetic parameters. The combination of Eleutherina bulbosa 70% ethanol extract (EEB) and Vigna unguiculata is better than EVU and EEB alone in reduced post-menopause syndrome in hypoestrogen rats without changing equol pharmacokinetic parameters.
Highlights
Menopause occurs mostly in a woman around 4050 years[1]
Eleutherine bulbosa (Mill.) Urb. bulb was collected from Palu, Sulawesi Tengah, Indonesia and it was authenticated by the Research Center for Natural resources of Tadulako University (Certificate of Determination No 206/IPH.1.01/ If.07/I/2016)
All samples were embedded in paraffin and 5-μm thick sections were cut, mounted, and stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) for microscopic analysis to view the proliferation of vaginal epithelium
Summary
Typical complaints that often occur in menopausal conditions are vasomotor symptoms such as hot flashes and night sweats, vulvovaginal atrophy (on an average experienced by 50% of postmenopausal women with dry vaginal symptoms, itching, pain during intercourse, and irritation)[2], osteopenia and osteoporosis, psychiatric disorders, sexual dysfunction, Article Received on: 01.08.2019. Bahtiar et al 189 skin lesions, cardiovascular diseases, as well as metabolic disorders and obesity[3]. These conditions have an impact on home life, social (36%), and employment (36%) which will have an impact on the quality of life of the woman[4]. The ideal effect of SERMs has a therapeutic effect on vaginal atrophy, cardiovascular, lipid metabolism, hot flushes, and bone but has an antagonistic effect or prevents uterus and breast gland cancer[6]
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