Abstract
In this study, the pharmacokinetic profile of enrofloxacin (EF) and its major metabolite, ciprofloxacin (CF), were investigated in brown trout (Salmo trutta fario) (n=150) after intravenous (i.v.) and oral (p.o.) administrations of a single dose of 10mg kg−1 body weight (b.w.) at 10°C. The plasma concentrations of the drugs were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC-UV) from 0.08 to 120h. Pharmacokinetic parameters were described by the two-compartment open model for intravenous and oral administrations, respectively. After intravenous administration, the elimination half-life (t1/2β), apparent volume of distribution at steady-state (Vss) and total body clearance (Cltot) of enrofloxacin were 19.14±1.51h, 3.40±0.18L kg−1 and 0.14±0.01L kg h−1, respectively. After oral administration, the maximum plasma concentration (Cmax), time of maximum concentration (tmax) and bioavailability (F%) were 2.30±0.08µg mL−1, 8h and 78±4%, respectively. Ciprofloxacin was not detected in the present study. The elimination half-life for enrofloxacin following oral administration was longer than values calculated for other animals. After oral administration, the mean plasma concentration was well above the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs)—that is, >0.5µg mL−1 at 36h—for most gram-negative fish pathogens. It is possible and practical to obtain therapeutic blood concentrations of enrofloxacin in brown trout (S. trutta fario) using oral administration of 10mg kg−1 body weight; therefore, it may be effective in the therapy for brown trout diseases.
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