Abstract
Trigonelline is a plant alkaloid and Andrographolide is a diterpene lactone, both exhibiting anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and neuroprotective activities. The present study was designed to evaluate the antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activity of the above said compounds in Dimethylnitrosamine induced toxicity in albino rats. Extraction of Trigonella foenum and Andrographis lineata was carried out by using methanol, petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and ethanol assisted with suitable temperature, followed by DPPH scavenging activity (IC-50) of these extracts.Cmax, Tmax, t1/2, CL, Vd and AUC were evaluated as pharmacokinetic parameters by using calibration curves of Andrographolide and Trigonelline. Extracts of T. foenum-graecum and A. lineate have antioxidant activity by inhibiting DPPH (IC50 value was 69.04±3.65% and 71.76±6.99%, respectively) comparable with ascorbic acid (53.99±4.88%). Phytochemical analysis of T. foenum-graecum and A. lineate was found with maximum number of phenols in them, with least recovery in the ethyl acetate extract while maximum phenols were found in T. foenum graecum. All the pharmacokinetic parameters of trigonelline and andrographolide administered in low dose (200 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg respectively) confirmed the better antioxidative activity than that of ascorbic acid used as a potent antioxidant.
Highlights
The genomic technology has ability to give insight into the investigations in altering the gene expression caused by acute effect withDimethylnitrosamine
Other parameters calculated are Cmax, tmax, area under curve (AUC), Ke, volume of distribution (Vd) and Cl. Results of all these parameters link together to show that trigonelline is rich in antioxidative phytochemicals i-e phenols and their scavenging activity against hepatic injury induced by dimethylnitrosamine is higher as compared to that of ascorbic acid
The results of all the pharmacokinetic parameters of trigonelline administered in low dose (200 mg/kg) confirmed the better antioxidative activity than that of ascorbic acid used as a potent antioxidant (Table 1).The increased rate of absorption in case of andrographolide caused a valuable and abrupt change in the results obtained by statistical approach
Summary
The genomic technology has ability to give insight into the investigations in altering the gene expression caused by acute effect with. Its acute administration in rats exhibits overall significant changes in the profile of gene expression [1]. The most considerable changes were examined and were related to genes involving DNA damage, stress, cell proliferation, and alteration in metabolic enzymes [2]. The gene expression profiles have catalogued the molecular responses to acute. Dimethylnitrosamine toxicity and revealed the genetic basis of hepatic toxicity [3]. Plants secondary metabolites have medicinal values and show therapeutic potential like anti-viral, antiinflammatory and immune-modulatory effects on hepatocytes proved to be crucial in chronic hepatitis [5]. Trigonelline, which is the bioactive secondary metabolite of Trigonella
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