PHARMACOGNOSTICAL, PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND PHYTOCEMICAL STUDY OF Glycyrrhiza Glabra Linn.

Abstract

Introduction - Glycyrrhiza glabra Linn. is a perennial herb of family Leguminoseae, used very extensively in Ayurveda classics. It is having property of aphrodisiac, trichogenous, expectorant, haemostatic, intellect promoting etc. Objective – Objective of this study to examine the Pharmacognastical and Phytochemical properties of Glycyrrhiza glabra Linn. Material and Method – Dry sample of Glycyrrhiza was collected from Market. The qualitative microscopy, phytochemical screening, physicochemical evolution and TLC studies were carried out according to the standard procedure recommended by API and other standards. Result –The sample is having sweetish taste, faint and characteristic odour, externally dark brown in colour and internally golden yellow. Cork, Phellogen and Phelloderm, Secondary phloem, Cambium, Secondary xylem, Medullary rays and Pith are present in microscopic examinations, from outer to inner side. Cork (in surface view), Tangentially cut medullary ray cells, Fragment of vessel, Calcium Oxalate Crystals, Starch, Mucilage were seen in powder microscopy. pH value of test sample was 5.73. Water Soluble Extractive value (25.0064%) was more than Alcohol Soluble Extractive value (12.7398 %). Total ash value of test sample was 6.131 %. Acid insoluble ash value was 0.79 %, Water soluble ash value was 1.819 %. In TLC, Rf values were found 0.23, 0.58, 0.71 after derivatization with vanillin – Sulphuric acid reagent. Car-bohydrate, alkaloid, amino acid, tannin, protein, saponin, glycosides, flavonoids and tannin were present in the sample. Conclusion - test sample of Glycyrhiza complies all standard when matches with the reference standard book. It suggests that test sample is authentic and without any impurities and adulteration.