Pharmacogenomics in clinical practice to prevent risperidone-induced hyperprolactinemia in autism spectrum disorder.

Abstract

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a global challenge that may disrupts family and social life significantly. There is robust evidence for the association of apharmacokinetic gene variant (e.g., CYP2D6) with risperidone-induced hyperprolactinemia in ASD. Association of apharmacodynamic gene variant (e.g., DRD2) with risperidone-induced hyperprolactinemia in ASD is also evident from multiple studies. In addition to genetic factors, dose, duration and drug-drug interactions of risperidone might also increase theserum prolactin level. There are several difficulties, such as reimbursement, knowledge and education of healthcare providers, in implementing risperidone pharmacogenomics into clinical practice. However, preparation of national and international pharmacogenomics-based dosing guidelines of risperidone may advance precision medicine of ASD.