Pharmacodynamic comparison of optimal platelet reactivity by multiple platelet function tests in Korean acute coronary syndrome patients with half-dose ticagrelor or prasugrel treatment

Abstract

Abstract Background East Asians treated with potent P2Y12 inhibitors, prasugrel or ticagrelor exhibit more potent platelet inhibition than clopidogrel. Whether half-dose de-escalation strategy would improve optimal platelet reactivity at maintenance in East Asian patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) remains uncertain. Method In de-escalation strategy single center study, eligible Korean ACS patients (n=96) were assigned to receive standard-dose ticagrelor (n=33), prasugrel (n=28), followed by half-dose reduction at 1 month for maintenance, and clopidogrel (n=35) as control. Platelet reactivity was measured by VerifyNow, light transmittance aggregometry (LTA) and multiple electrode aggregometry (MEA). The investigators aim to compare optimal platelet reactivity status (OPR, defined as 85–208 P2Y12 reaction unit [PRU] for VerifyNow (VN), 16%–47% for LTA and 19–46 U for MEA) among 3 different platelet function tests at 3 months post PCI. Results At 3 months, ticagrelor achieved significantly lower PRU (17 [6–51] vs. 95 [61–151] vs. 172 [111–204]) than prasugrel and clopidogrel, resulting OPR rate 10% vs. 57.7% vs. 60.0%, respectively. Similar results were observed at LTA method (2% [0–12] in ticagrelor vs. 18% [13–22] in prasugrel vs. 18% [11–30] in clopidogrel), with OPR rate 11.8% vs. 69.2% vs. 50.0%, respectively. However, platelet reactivity was similar by MEA method (16 [13–20] in ticagrelor vs. 17 [13–22] in prasugrel vs. 19 [14–28] in clopidogrel), with OPR rate 33.3% vs. 40.0% vs. 42.0%, respectively (all p>0.005). Among the three tests, resulting higher correlation between VN and LTA (r=0.745), MEA and LTA vs. MEA and VN showed lower correlations (r=0.412 and r=0.303). (Fig.) Conclusion In Korean ACS patients with half-dose de-escalation strategy after 1 month, OPR rate in ticagrelor is still rare during 3-month treatment by VN and LTA methods, however, prasugrel appears comparable to clopidogrel. VN/LTA might overestimate platelet function than MEA or MEA underestimate OPR rate than VN/LTA. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: Private grant(s) and/or Sponsorship. Main funding source(s): National Research Foundation of Korea