Abstract
Small non-coding RNAs are known as a clinically relevant category of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) that have gained growing attention for their therapeutic values. miRNA and siRNA are of the most important and well-documented types of small ncRNAs. These regulatory RNA molecules are short–approximately 22 nucleotides long–with a similar mechanism of generation in which they are excised from longer double-stranded RNA precursor molecules. Both miRNA and siRNA target protein-coding genes via an antisense-based strategy and follow the same processing manner to reach gene-silencing effect (Chen et al., 2015). Functionally, small ncRNAs play a determining part in the modulation of cellular gene expression. The impressive role of these molecules as the controlling machinery of cells has proposed promising capacities for their potential translation into the clinic. In this context, tuning the regulatory components (such as ncRNAs) rather than the regulated components (protein-coding gens) has been suggested to be a more convenient and more effective approach to correct many cellular dysfunctions (Taft et al., 2010). This emerging concept symbolizes the dramatic potential of small ncRNAs, as a significant part of the regulatory apparatus of cells, to treat human diseases.
Highlights
Babak Bakhshinejad *Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran Keywords: phage display, peptide library, targeting, delivery, nanocarrier, small non-coding RNA Reviewed by: Tohru Yoshihisa, University of Hyogo, Japan Venugopal Thayanithy, University of Minnesota, USA
Small non-coding RNAs are known as a clinically relevant category of non-coding RNAs that have gained growing attention for their therapeutic values. miRNA and siRNA are of the most important and well-documented types of small ncRNAs
The capacity of small ncRNAs in silencing the expression of disease-associated genes underlines their importance as novel forms of therapeutic intervention in numerous human disorders
Summary
Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran Keywords: phage display, peptide library, targeting, delivery, nanocarrier, small non-coding RNA Reviewed by: Tohru Yoshihisa, University of Hyogo, Japan Venugopal Thayanithy, University of Minnesota, USA
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