Abstract
An innovative, simple and cost effective Tb3+–acyclovir photo probe was designed and used as a core for a spectrofluorometric approach to sensitively determine two vital biological compounds in different matrices. The Tb3+–acyclovir complex displays a characteristic electrical band with λem at 545 nm with significant luminescence intensity, which is quenched in the presence of folic acid and vitamin D3 at pH 5.0 and 9.0, respectively. The conditions were optimized and the best solvent for operation was found to be acetonitrile and λex at 340 nm. folic acid was successfully estimated in tablet dosage form, urine and serum in the concentration range of 2.28 × 10−6 to 1.49 × 10−9 mol L−1. Vitamin D3 was also assessed in serum samples using the same optimal conditions within the concentration range of 3.2 × 10−9 to 1.0 × 10−6 mol L −1. The proposed luminescence method was validated in accordance with ICH guidelines and found to be accurate, precise and specific and free from any interferences. The cost effectiveness and applicability of the method make it a good choice for routine analysis of the two compounds and early diagnosis of chronic diseases associated with abnormalities in their physiological levels.
Highlights
Folic acid (FCA), vitamin B9, is one of the water-soluble vitamins[1] found naturally in various types of foods such as legumes, leafy green vegetables, wheat germs, beets, broccoli, citrus fruits, fermented products, beef liver and eggs
D3 is converted to its active form through two successive hydroxylation steps forming calcidiol (25-hydroxyvitamin D) in liver followed by calcitriol (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D) in kidney
Several methods have been routinely used in the quanti cation of vitamin D, including competitive protein-binding (CPB) assays, radioimmunoassays (RIA), chemiluminescence immunoassays (CLIA), liquid chromatography (LC) with UV detection, and liquid
Summary
Vitamin D3, one of fat-soluble vitamins, is naturally found in different types of foods as oily or fatty sh, dairy products, beefy liver and egg yolk and synthetized endogenously in human body upon exposure to sun. Vit. D3 is converted to its active form through two successive hydroxylation steps forming calcidiol (25-hydroxyvitamin D) in liver followed by calcitriol (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D) in kidney. D3 is converted to its active form through two successive hydroxylation steps forming calcidiol (25-hydroxyvitamin D) in liver followed by calcitriol (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D) in kidney It has a major role in regulation concentration of phosphate and calcium in serum and essential in bone remodeling and growth.[14,15] It is used to improve the cognitive functions and in treatment of speci c type of psoriasis. The measurement of low concentrations of folic acid and vitamin D3 in biological samples along with interference from some biomolecules such as uric acid (UA), ascorbic acid (AA), and different hormones requires to efficiently improve the sensitivity of chromatographic methods and the electrochemical sensors for practical applications. The higher stability of the current sensor can be attributed to the doping of the optical sensor in the polymer matrix (Fig. 2)
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