Abstract
The gabbroic rocks as a part of Zagros ophiolite are exposed in northeastern Iraq, Penjwin area. These rocks with granular to ophitic textures are widely distributed without metamorphic halos. The main minerals are plagioclase (An90-99), olivine, clinopyroxene (Wo27-47 En 45-64 Fs8-14) and orthopyroxene (Wo2 En78 Fs20) respectively based on the abundances. The major elements show a broad range of compositional variations, with SiO2 (46.2–50.9 wt. %), and low concentrations Na2O (0.15–0.62 wt. %), K2O (0.01–0.03 wt. %) and TiO2 (0.06–0.2) and high concentrations, Al2O3 (6.4–19.75 wt. %), total Fe2O3 (6.29–11.6 wt. %), MgO (9.63–24.5 wt. %), CaO (8.02–18 wt. %) and low alkali contents (Na2O + K2O = 0.16–0.65 wt. %). On Ti-V diagram, all of the gabbroic samples have Ti/V less than 10 and consequently fall in the low Ti- Island arc tholeiitic. Whole rocks chemistry shows a depletion of High field strength elements in comparison with the primitive mantle with an arched upward rare earth elements pattern, characterized by light rare earth elements depletion (La N/Sm N = 0.05–0.8) and enrichment in the High field strength elements. Whole rocks chemistry, mineral paragenesis and chemistry of these rocks are more consistent with tholeiitic magma series. Based on our findings in this research, the primary magma has been produced from the depleted mantle with a high degree of partial melting.
Highlights
The Zagros orogenic belt is located in the central Alpine-Himalayan orogenic system, this orogenic belt is estimated to be around 2000 km long, this was recorded depend on the geophysical and geochemical data (Alavi, 1994; Agard et al, 2005; Mohajjel and Ferguson, 2014; Shafaii Moghadam and Stern, 2015; Moghadam et al, 2019; Azizi and Moineraziri, 2009)
Study area is located in Iraqi Zagros Thrust Zone that extends northwest-southeast from eastern Turkey through northern and northeastern Iraqi-Iranian border into northern Oman (Jassim and Goff, 2006; Moghadam and Stern, 2011, Ali et al, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2016, 2019, Znad et al, 2020, Aziz et al, 2021), which is considered as a part of the main Zagros Orogenic Belt (Fig.1a)
In this paper we present new field observations, petrographic, and geochemistry data from gabbroic rocks in the Penjwin ophiolite complex to interpret the genesis of these gabbroic rocks within the Penjwin ophiolite complex, which can provide an important key to understanding the genesis and emplacement of Tethyan ophiolites
Summary
The Zagros orogenic belt is located in the central Alpine-Himalayan orogenic system, this orogenic belt is estimated to be around 2000 km long, this was recorded depend on the geophysical and geochemical data (Alavi, 1994; Agard et al, 2005; Mohajjel and Ferguson, 2014; Shafaii Moghadam and Stern, 2015; Moghadam et al, 2019; Azizi and Moineraziri, 2009). Study area is located in Iraqi Zagros Thrust Zone that extends northwest-southeast from eastern Turkey through northern and northeastern Iraqi-Iranian border into northern Oman (Jassim and Goff, 2006; Moghadam and Stern, 2011, Ali et al, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2016, 2019, Znad et al, 2020, Aziz et al, 2021), which is considered as a part of the main Zagros Orogenic Belt (Fig.1a) This orogenic belt is part of the Alpine-Himalayan Orogenic Belt which is one of the most comprehensive ophiolite depositories in earth’s history. In this paper we present new field observations, petrographic, and geochemistry data from gabbroic rocks in the Penjwin ophiolite complex to interpret the genesis of these gabbroic rocks within the Penjwin ophiolite complex, which can provide an important key to understanding the genesis and emplacement of Tethyan ophiolites
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