Abstract
Australia has five types of oil shales, cannel coal, torbanite, lamosite, tasmanite and marinite, each of which has a different organic composition. Cannel coal is composed of liptinite (mostly resinite, cutinite and sporinite) derived from terrestrial plants, vitrinite and inertinite, with only a small amount of mineral matter. Torbanite is composed of large telalginite, derived from Botryococcus and related algae, in a groundmass of vitrinite and inertinite. It is difficult to crush and petrographic analysis indicates that beneficiation would be difficult. Lamosite contains abundant lamalginite, derived from freshwater, planktonic algae, with minor vitrinite and telalginite; petrographic analysis confirms that comminution produces alginite-poor fines and a higher grade concentrate. Marinite is a relatively low grade oil shale composed of lamalginite and bituminite, both of which are unlikely to be easily separated from the mineral groundmass. Tasmanite is composed of telalginite, derived from marine precursors, which is easily separated from the mineral matter when the oil shale is crushed.
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