Abstract

西秦岭造山带位于华北板块和华南板块之间,是我国中央造山带的重要组成部分,记录了东亚古特提斯洋东北支的演化历史,对于探讨华北板块和华南板块的碰撞过程具有重要意义。西秦岭广泛发育的早-中三叠世火成岩与勉略洋壳向北俯冲有关,但勉略洋壳的闭合时限仍有争议。因此本文对采自早子沟地区的石英闪长玢岩进行锆石U-Pb年代学、Lu-Hf同位素和全岩主微量地球化学分析,查明早子沟石英闪长玢岩成因及其构造演化背景,并进一步约束勉略洋壳闭合时间。锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年结果表明,石英闪长玢岩侵位年龄为~232Ma,为中三叠世岩浆活动的产物。石英闪长玢岩含有较高的SiO<sub>2</sub>(56.18%~68.26%),K<sub>2</sub>O为1.82%~3.70%,A/CNK值为0.73~1.07,是准铝质-弱过铝质的钙碱性-高钾钙碱性岩石。其富钾的特征,与中高钾基性下地壳部分熔融产生的熔体成分一致。轻重稀土分异明显,(La/Yb)<sub>N</sub>比值为8.10~61.2,富集大离子亲石元素(K、Sr、Ba、Cs),亏损高场强元素Nb、Ta,具有弱负铕异常(<i>δ</i>Eu=0.65~0.93),显示了典型的大陆地壳岩石特征。石英闪长玢岩较高的Mg<sup>#</sup>值(47.57~70.35)意味着有一定幔源物质的加入。<i>ε</i><sub>Hf</sub>(<i>t</i>)在-12.9~-7.2之间,对应的二阶段Hf模式年龄(<i>t</i><sup>2</sup><sub>DM</sub>)为1.70~2.10Ga,表明岩浆来自于古元古代下地壳的重熔。本文认为石英闪长玢岩形成于勉略洋壳向北俯冲背景下的活动大陆边缘环境,具有碰撞前花岗质岩石特征,即勉略洋壳在~232Ma仍处在俯冲阶段。

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