Petrogenesis of the Late Carboniferous Sagsai Pluton in the SE Mongolian Altai

Abstract

Hf values of +7.4 to +11.5. The latter suggest an exclusively juvenile, depleted mantle-derived magma source. According to calculated P–T conditions, we propose three main stages in the Sagsai Pluton evolution. The gabbro started to grow at >1000 °C and 0.8–0.9 GPa. The ensuing magma mixing with crustal melts and final crystallization of gabbro occurred at similar P–T conditions (740–830 °C and 0.5–0.6 GPa) as partial melting of migmatite xenoliths in the Sagsai Pluton. The P–T conditions of the Sagsai Pluton final emplacement calculated from quartz syenite (c. 600 to 670 °C and 0.4–0.5 GPa) are consistent with the mineral assemblage in the contact aureole (cordierite–biotite and biotite–chlorite schists). The magmatic evolution of Sagsai Pluton confirms a model of deep lithosphere thermal anomaly associated with heterogeneous melting of crust in a post-subduction extensional regime, perhaps shortly after the slab break-off.