Abstract
The article aims to reconstruct the system of religious views of Peter I, and first of all, his understanding of the Christian doctrine of salvation and justification of man. The attitude to many other spheres of church life, in turn, depended on the solution of this theological issue. Having conceived to carry out a radical reform of Russian Church, Peter took measures aimed at the spiritual transformation of the Russian people, the restructuring of the national consciousness, their «new catechization». That is why he attached great importance to the task of creating a new type of catechism intended for spiritual enlightenment of the Russian people. Peter’s reform was based on the desire to purify the popular faith from «superstitions and prejudices,» which, in his opinion, included many canons and dogmas of the Orthodox Church. The analysis of Peter’s statements (as well as his ideologue Feofan Prokopovich) about Christianity and the Church allows us to conclude that Peter I’s religious ideas had features characteristic of the Protestant system of values, which he persistently sought to instill in his subjects.
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