PESTS THAT ARE LIMITED IN THE PRODUCTION OF PLANTING MATERIAL OF SMALL FRUIT CROPS AND THE MAIN DIRECTIONS OF PROTECTIVE MEASURES TO COMBAT THEM

Abstract

Small fruit crops contain a large number of dangerous and especially dangerous phytophages: insects, mites, nematodes. Among them there are many hidden or semi-hidden pests: Ditylenchus dipsaci ((Kuhn) Filipjev), Aphelechoides fragariae (Ritz. — Bos), Phytonemus pallidus ((Banks) spp . fragariae (Zimm.) Lindquist) on strawberries; Cecidophyopsis spp., Resseliella ribis (Marik.), Synanthedon tipuliformis (clerk.), Agrilus spp. on currants; Resseliella theobaldi (Barn.), Lasioptera rubi (Schrank) on raspberries, and others that are difficult to suppress or not suppressed in the field. Many of them not only cause a lot of direct damage, but also are carriers of viral and phytoplasmic pathogens-needle ( Longidorus spp.) and dagger ( Xiphinema spp.) nematodes, kidney mites ( Cecidophyopsis spp.), aphids (Aphididae), cicadas ( Macropsis fuscula Zett.). To effectively combat them, it is necessary to apply comprehensive systems of protective measures, the main and integral part of which is the production of healthy certified planting material.