Pesticide residues, copper and biogenic amines in conventional and organic wines

Abstract

The aim of this study was to compare pesticide residues, copper and biogenic amines concentrations in conventional and organic wines. For each type of wine production, 20 samples were collected. We used two multi-residual methods employing GC/MS (92 pesticides) and LC/MS/MS (112 pesticides) detection. Copper residues and biogenic amines were measured by standard FAAS and HPLC methods. We confirmed lower numbers and concentrations of pesticide residues in organic wines. The most frequently determined pesticide was dimethomorph, followed by boscalid, fenhexamid, metalaxyl + metalaxyl-M, iprovalicarb and pyrimethanil. Also, higher levels of copper were observed in the groups of conventional wines. For biogenic amines, we could not confirm a clear trend. It is unacceptable that some pesticide residues in organic wines were detected, which are not allowed in this type of production. Nevertheless, we can confirm the trend of added value in organic wine production in terms of reducing pesticide residues and copper in bottled wines. - Added value is in organic wine production in terms of pesticides and copper reduction. - Producers should avoid some commonly found pesticide residues in the last sprays. - No significant difference in the occurrence and concentrations of biogenic amines between both groups of wines.